30% of children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder continue to suffer it in the adult stage.

-genetic involvement is very high and more than 70% of diagnosed cases are related to the family legacy

-the difficulty to focus on tasks and gamesnot to listen, show forgetful, losing things in daily tasks, follow the instructions or be restless are not some of the symptoms of this disorder

-at least 30% of children with ADHD continue to experience symptoms after reaching the adult stage

-the experts coincide in highlighting that the main objective in the treatment of epileptic patient is to achieve the greatest possible quality of life and reduce the effects of antiepileptic medication

-10.5 million children under the age of 15 suffer from epilepsy around the world

-more than 75% of children will suffer an episode of headache throughout their years in school-age

Madrid, 2011-December between 3 and 7% of school-age children suffer from attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD) disorder. Its incidence is higher in males, in part because it manifests itself most notably in girls, who are diagnosed later and less often.

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder and tends to be more common in children. The genetic implication is very high and more than 70% of diagnosed cases are related to the family inheritance. In this sense, according to the Spanish society of Pediatric Extrahospitalaria and primary care (SEPEAP), psycho-social factors can also influence the evolution of ADHD. Tobacco, alcohol, and to a lesser extent, prematurity and fetal distress can cause the development of this disorder.

The first signs of this disorder often present at pre-school ages and become evident during the school stage. In this way, there are multiple symptoms that are identified with inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. The difficulty to attention tasks and games, not to listen, show forgetful and losing things in daily tasks, not to follow the instructions, be restless and have difficulty sitting, talking excessively or interrupt conversations and games of others are some of the criteria that describes the SEPEAP in which the expert can diagnose ADHD.

For the diagnosis of this disorder is essential that the doctor maintained interviews with parents and patients to know, among other factors, family status, academic performance, social relationships and self-esteem of the child or adolescent. Once the diagnosis is established, begins treatment involving various specialists: neuropediatras, children’s psychiatrists, pediatricians, psychologists and pedagogues.

While pharmacological and psychological treatment should be the first therapeutic option, experts point out that the involvement of the family is essential to achieve satisfactory results. In this sense, the SEPEAP makes several recommendations to facilitate the adaptation of the child to its surroundings:

1. Fractionate the information given to the patient in an orderly manner.

2 Organize tasks according to their ability to conduct, allowing time to assimilate the concepts.

3. Establish schedules and routines help improve the Organization and planning.

4 Limited incentives to reduce interference in activities requiring mental effort.

5. At school, must be seated near the teacher

experts added that it is more effective to maintain a positive attitude with the child and Exchange punishment for praise in praise of what the child inside of normal ”. Also, register the positive behavior of the child on a schedule and deliver an award when it reaches a number of certain signs or ignore the child when he interrupted a conversation are some of the tips that pediatricians give parents and who have also demonstrated its usefulness in adults.

At least 30% of children with ADHD continue to experience symptoms after reaching the adult stage. Approximately 2% of the adult population has this type of disorder that is often infradiagnosticado and therefore treated incorrectly. In this sense, early detection and early boarding of disorder improve prognosis and reduce morbidity.

Epilepsy and headaches

Epilepsy is one of the pathologies that make essential the role of primary care pediatrician in the follow-up of patients who suffer from its crisis. Experts agree stressed that the main objective in the treatment of epileptic patient is to achieve the greatest possible quality of life with minor side effects.

According to the SEPEAP, some 10.5 million children under the age of 15 suffer epilepsy around the world, representing 25% of the global epileptic population.

In addition, up to 80% of the epilepsy come to be classified as epileptic syndromes (depending on the type of crisis, the clinical context, neurological impairment, age and neurophysiological findings and neurorradiológicos) and 60% are diagnosed with the first critical manifestations and 20% after an evolutionary monitoring up to 2 years.

On the other hand, headache is a common query in primary care Pediatrics and one of the leading causes of Pediatric chronic disease. More than 75 per cent of children suffer some episode of headache throughout their years in school age and about 73% of pediatric patients maintain that condition in the adult stage.

Spanish society of community-based Pediatrics and primary care (SEPEAP)

The Spanish society of Pediatric Extrahospitalaria and primary care (SEPEAP) emerged to accommodate a group of Pediatricians with needs specific update, training and professional problems differentiated and minusvaloradas pediatric practice 25 years ago. Scientific and professional and non-profit currently 2,660 partners.

The structure of the SEPEAP consists of societies and sections provincial and/or regional paediatric Extrahospitalaria and primary care, without losing its own character, linked to it and to the societies of Pediatric regional of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics (AEP).

The SEPEAP aims to promote the study of Pediatrics Extrahospitalaria, the problems of children and adolescents within the lash (health centres, clinics, public and private clinics, outpatient from hospitals, etc.). In addition, is intended to cover the three fundamental missions of Pediatrics Extrahospitalaria: care (preventive, curative and rehabilitative), teacher (collaboration in the formation of undergraduate student of medicine in Pediatrics Extrahospitalaria, in the training of residents in the specialty of Pediatrics in pediatric Extrahospitalaria)(, in the continuing education of the lash pediatrician in exercise and health education for the population at all levels) and researcher, to promote the relationship of Extrahospitalaria Pediatrics and primary care services with other health services and social resources of the community within the A.E.P.